Zanzibar Opposition Alleges Voter Fraud Ahead of Elections

Zanzibar, Tanzania - As the archipelago prepares for pivotal elections set to unfold on Tuesday, October 29, opposition leaders have sounded the alarm over suspected voter fraud that could undermine the democratic process. With around 700,000 eligible residents poised to vote for both mainland presidential candidates and a local president, the stakes could not be higher in this semi-autonomous region of approximately 1.9 million people. The islands have a long track record of contentious polls riddled with disputes and irregularities, yet the atmosphere remains relatively calm leading into this cycle.

The primary grievance from the opposition centers on allegations of deliberate manipulation by electoral authorities. Members of the ACT-Wazalendo party, a key opposition force in Zanzibar, claim that the Zanzibar Electoral Commission has registered deceased individuals on the voters' roll, paving the way for fraudulent ballots. This accusation comes amid broader concerns about the integrity of the voter registry, which party officials say they have scrutinized and found riddled with errors.

Adding fuel to the fire, ACT-Wazalendo has vehemently opposed the two-day voting schedule, arguing that the compact size of the islands makes such an extended timeline unnecessary and ripe for abuse. Othman Masoud Othman, the party's candidate for local president, has described the early voting phase as a form of preemptive theft designed to inflate support for the ruling party. He contends that this mechanism allows ineligible participants to cast ballots under lax supervision, effectively stacking the deck with unmonitored votes that benefit incumbents.

Further compounding these issues, Othman has highlighted the commission's apparent efforts to exclude ACT-Wazalendo agents from key polling stations, rendering the entire process shrouded in opacity. He has also decried the overarching dynamic between Zanzibar and mainland Tanzania as an imbalanced partnership, one that tilts political influence disproportionately toward the central government and erodes local autonomy.

At the heart of the presidential race stands a high-profile matchup: the incumbent vice president challenging Hussein Mwinyi, the candidate from the dominant Chama Cha Mapinduzi party, who is favored to secure victory in the national contest. Early voting, a practice first rolled out during the 2020 elections to accommodate public officials and law enforcement personnel ahead of the general public, remains a flashpoint. Opposition groups like ACT-Wazalendo continue to reject it outright, viewing it as a structural vulnerability exploited by those in power.

In response to the mounting outcry, Zanzibar Electoral Commission chairman George Joseph Kazi has categorically rejected the fraud claims as baseless fabrications. He insists that the registry contains no entries for deceased persons or minors, emphasizing that all procedures have adhered strictly to legal standards. Kazi accuses ACT-Wazalendo of manufacturing narratives to sow discord and heighten tensions post-election, urging calm and trust in the system's safeguards.

These local tensions ripple into the broader national landscape, where mainland Tanzania's general elections will coincide on October 29. The mainland vote carries its own weight of controversy, with several prominent opposition figures barred from candidacy, prompting widespread criticism. Human rights organization Amnesty International has issued stark warnings of an intensifying climate of repression, documenting patterns of enforced disappearances, arbitrary detentions, physical abuse, and even extrajudicial executions targeting dissenters.

To boost turnout and ease access, President Samia Suluhu Hassan has proclaimed October 29 a national public holiday. This directive, conveyed through Chief Secretary Ambassador Moses Kusiluka, extends to workers in both public and private sectors, allowing them ample opportunity to exercise their franchise without work-related barriers. The Independent National Electoral Commission has confirmed the date for selecting the president, members of parliament, and local councillors, framing it as a cornerstone of the country's democratic renewal.

Since assuming office in 2021 following the death of her predecessor, President Samia has championed initiatives to bolster institutional transparency and economic recovery. Her administration has positioned itself as a proponent of expanded political freedoms, yet persistent reports from opposition coalitions and advocacy groups paint a picture of ongoing hurdles. These include targeted arrests, candidate disqualifications, and curbs on assembly and expression, all of which cast shadows over the electoral festivities.

As Zanzibar and the mainland stand on the cusp of this dual voting extravaganza, the opposition's fraud allegations underscore deeper fault lines in Tanzania's political fabric. Whether these claims precipitate unrest or fade into the post-poll analysis remains to be seen, but they serve as a potent reminder of the vigilance required to safeguard the ballot box in a nation striving for equitable governance. With polls opening in mere hours, all eyes will be on turnout, transparency, and the ultimate verdict of the voters.